Page 134 - C-Language

/* common usages are concatenations of format strings */
char* fmt = "%" PRId16; /* PRId16 macro since C99 */

String literals, same as character constants, support different character sets.

/* normal string literal, of type char[] */
char* s1 = "abc";

/* wide character string literal, of type wchar_t[] */
wchar_t* s2 = L"abc";

C11

/* UTF-8 string literal, of type char[] */
char* s3 = u8"abc";

/* 16-bit wide string literal, of type char16_t[] */
char16_t* s4 = u"abc";

/* 32-bit wide string literal, of type char32_t[] */
char32_t* s5 = U"abc";

Fixed Width Integer Types (since C99)

C99

The header <stdint.h> provides several fixed-width integer type definitions. These types are
optional and only provided if the platform has an integer type of the corresponding width, and if the
corresponding signed type has a two's complement representation of negative values.

See the remarks section for usage hints of fixed width types.

/* commonly used types include */
uint32_t u32 = 32; /* exactly 32-bits wide */

uint8_t u8 = 255; /* exactly 8-bits wide */

int64_t i64 = -65 /* exactly 64 bit in two's complement representation */

Floating Point Constants

The C language has three mandatory real floating point types, float, double, and long double.

float f = 0.314f; /* suffix f or F denotes type float */
double d = 0.314; /* no suffix denotes double */
long double ld = 0.314l; /* suffix l or L denotes long double */

/* the different parts of a floating point definition are optional */
double x = 1.; /* valid, fractional part is optional */
double y = .1; /* valid, whole-number part is optional */

/* they can also defined in scientific notation */
double sd = 1.2e3; /* decimal fraction 1.2 is scaled by 10^3, that is 1200.0 */

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